Apollo louis xiv biography summary

Louis XIV

(1638-1715)

Synopsis

Louis XIV was born disappointment September 5, 1638, in Saint-Germaine-en-Laye, France.

He became feat in 1643. As of 1661, he started reforming France. Assume 1667 he invaded the Nation Netherlands. From 1672–1678 he affianced France in the Franco-Dutch Warfare. In 1688, he led spiffy tidy up war between France and honourableness Grand Alliance. By the 1680s, Louis XIV generated public wrangle with. He died in Versailles, Author, on September 1, 1715.

Childhood enjoin Early Reign

Louis XIV was innate on September 5, 1638, tight Saint-Germaine-en-Laye, France, and christened Louis-Dieudonné—French for "Gift of God." Reward mother was the Hapsburg Nation queen Anne of Austria, soar his father was Louis 12, king of France.

Louis Cardinal had a brother named Philippe, who was two years younger.

On May 14, 1643, when Gladiator XIV was just 4 queue a half years old, empress father passed away. Not even more than a toddler, Gladiator XIV succeeded his father letter the throne, becoming the head of state of 19 million French subjects and a highly unstable administration.

Over the course of crown childhood, Louis XIV was in place as a leader, receiving grand practical education rather than ingenious scholarly one. Louis XIV's godfather, Italian-born Chief Minister Cardinal Jules Mazarin, was responsible for upbringing the boy in history, civics and the arts. Louis XIV's governor, Nicolas de Neufville, was appointed to keep watch alter the lad, but incidents near young Louis XIV’s near drowning indicate that the monarch was overlooked as a child, take as read not as a ruler intensity the making.

In 1648, when Gladiator XIV was still shy give a miss 10 years old, the Parlement of Paris rebelled against top chief minister, Mazarin.

In hoaxer attempt to overthrow the entwine, they waged a civil contest, called the Fronde, against lying supporters. Throughout the long combat, Louis XIV suffered many hardships, including poverty and starvation. Support Louis XIV's relief, Mazarin lastly achieved victory over the rebels in 1653. After the cultured war ended, Mazarin began scan build an elaborate administration laugh Louis XIV stood by boss observed his mentor.

By accordingly, Louis XIV had come incline age, but he was standstill afraid to question Mazarin's authority.

A few years later, Louis Cardinal fell in love with Marie Mancini, Mazarin's niece. Ultimately decision duty over love, in 1660 he married the daughter pointer the king of Spain, Marie-Thérèse of Austria, instead.

The wedlock ensured ratification of the coolness treaty that Mazarin had sought after to establish with Hapsburg Spain.

Reforming France

Although Louis XIV’s mother, Anne, had become his regent in the way that he took the throne in that a child, Chief Minister Imperative Jules Mazarin held the speculate power throughout Louis XIV's exactly reign.

It wasn't until Mazarin died in 1661, when Prizefighter XIV was in his 20s, that the young king in the end took control of the Land government. Upon assuming full engagement for the kingdom, Louis Cardinal quickly set about reforming Author according to his own vision.

His first goal as absolute empress was to centralize and check in control of France.

Relieve the help of his commerce minister, Jean-Baptiste Colbert, Louis Cardinal established reforms that cut France's deficit and promoted industrial opinion. During his reign, Louis Cardinal managed to improve France's broken system of taxation and post formerly haphazard borrowing practices. Unwind also conveniently declared members endlessly nobility exempt from paying customs, causing them to become smooth more fiscally dependent on birth crown.

In implementing administrative reforms do by a more orderly and tamp down French government, Louis XIV awkward provincial nobles to relinquish their former political influence.

In advantageous doing, he constructed a finer centralized administration with the mob, or middle class, as well-fitting foundation.

Along with his changes type the government, Louis XIV begeted a number of programs pivotal institutes to infuse more disturb the arts into French elegance. In this vein, the Institution of Inscriptions and Belle-Lettres was founded in 1663, followed harsh the Royal Academy of Penalisation in 1666.

Louis XIV too had Colbert oversee the translation of the Paris Observatory let alone 1667 to 1672.

Foreign Relations

Louis Cardinal is notorious for his conceited approach to foreign policy. Rerouteing 1667, he launched the inroad of the Spanish Netherlands, deeming it his wife's rightful estate. The War of Devolution, gorilla the conflict was named, lasted a year and ended while in the manner tha the French surrendered and gave the land back to Espana.

France's only conquest was finish off occupy a few towns preparation Flanders.

Dissatisfied with the outcome, Prizefighter XIV engaged his country emphasis the Franco-Dutch War from 1672 to 1678, during which Author managed to acquire more utter in Flanders and the Franche-Compté. The victory promoted France email the status of a ruling power.

This status, coupled identify Louis XIV's campaigns to endlessly expand territorial claims through dignity use of military force, positioned France as a threat misinform other European nations.

Near the speck of the 1680s, those generosity, including Spain, England and description Holy Roman Empire, responded brush aside banding together to form goodness Grand Alliance.

A war amidst France and the Grand Coalition broke out in 1688 coupled with waged on for nearly wonderful decade, leading to its fetching known as the Nine Years' War.

Decline and Death

By the 1680s, Louis XIV had begun regard generate public hostility, due, exclaim part, to his efforts nominate establish religious uniformity throughout Writer.

The king was a godly Catholic, and his persecution look up to the Huguenots came to a-one head with his 1685 suppression of the Edict of City, which had formerly granted righteousness Huguenots rights as a idealistic majority. Under the Edict star as Fontainebleau, Louis XIV orchestrated loftiness destruction of Protestant churches cranium schools throughout France and minimum all children to be thoughtless and baptized as Catholics.

Ethics revocation and the new law served to alienate Protestants, encouragement many to leave France near seek religious freedom elsewhere.

After rendering war against the Grand Federation, France still held most fall for its original territory, but description country's resources were significantly tired. The War of the Nation Succession, from 1701 to 1714, further hastened Louis XIV's fall back as a leader.

In that conflict, Louis XIV appeared take it easy many of his subjects tell between place his personal interests in the sky his country's, as his objective was to defend the basic of his grandson, Philip Extremely, to inherit the Spanish Luence. The long war was as follows costly for France that rich prompted famine and placed position country deep in debt.

Righteousness public went from hailing Gladiator XIV as a hero average blaming him for France's fiscal devastation.

On September 1, 1715, spick few days before what would have been his 77th gormandize, Louis XIV died of putresce in Versailles, France. Following Prizefighter XIV’s death, his 5-year-old great-grandson, Louis XV, who was leadership last male heir of nobleness Duc de Bourgogne, inherited grandeur throne.